Friedreich ataxia

Friedreich first reported in 1863 that most patients started before adulthood and mainly invaded the posterior and lateral cords of the spinal cord. Therefore, it is called juvenile spinal ataxia and juvenile spinal hereditary ataxia. It is autosomal recessive inheritance and is one of the most common manifestations of ataxia. Clinical manifestations: most of them start in children and adolescents (5-18 years old), occasionally in infants and young children, up to 30 years old at the latest. The first symptom is ataxia of both lower limbs, unstable walking, staggering gait, easy to fall, wide legs and shaking left and right when standing. Then it develops into bilateral upper limb ataxia, clumsy movement, inaccurate retrieval, intentional tremor, unclear or explosive speech, visual hearing loss and slow response. Muscle weakness of both lower limbs, and paralysis can occur in a few cases. Horizontal nystagmus is most common.